Effectiveness of omega-3 and prebiotics on adiponectin, leptin, liver enzymes lipid profile and anthropometric indices in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

This trial evaluated the combined effects of resistant dextrin and Camelina sativa oil (RDCSO) on anthropometric indices, lipid profile, atherogenic index (athero-index), liver enzymes, leptin, and adiponectin in 36 NAFLD patients receiving either intervention (RDCSO) or placebo (CSO + maltodextrin) for 12 weeks. Both groups were given a calorie-reduced diet. Anthropometric indices, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides (TG), High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (hs-CRP) and LPS improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference (WC), liver steatosis grade, ALT, ALP, AST/ALT ratio, TC, TG, LDL-c/HDL-c (Castelli II Index), Log TG/HDL-c (athero-index), hs-CRP, leptin, adiponectin and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were different between the two groups at end of the intervention. Supplementation of RDCSO is more effective in improving lipid profile, athero-index, liver enzymes, adiponectin, metabolic endotoxemia and anthropometric indices in individuals with NAFLD than CSO supplementation alone. Trial registration number: This study was registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials website (www.irct.ir/, IRCT20150205020965N4 on 13-12-2019).