Soil CO 2 emissions at latitudes near 70°N in northeastern Siberia have been measured and occur at levels high enough to account for the observed winter maximum in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations in this latitude. This CO 2 is produced by biological activity at the bottom of the active layer above the permafrost. Ecological and anthropological factors may play a role in stimulating this CO 2 emission.
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Zimov et al. (1993) studied this question.
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