The effect of water removal and freeze/thaw cycles on proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells was investigated by comparative study of 20 on/off and freeze/thaw cycles after purging by reactant gas with relative humidity 58.0% at . Within , the cell performance, electrochemical active surface areas, and electrochemical impedance spectra responses were analyzed by the mean squared deviation method. No performance decay caused by water freezing was observed, and the water amount in the cell was reduced to an extent by which freeze degradation was avoided.
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Hou et al. (2006) studied this question.
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