The paper reviews trends in biofeedback research for cardiovascular self-control, including heart rate modulation and clinical translation challenges.
Translation of biofeedback for cardiovascular control remains challenging; leaves open efficacy without prospective trials.
The authors research is summed up around some of the new questions and trends in biofeedback research: 1) Available feedback as independent variable, 2) Differences in slowing versus speeding heart rate, and 3) Possibility of effective heart rate slowing through other organ systems or cognitive techniques. Problems of transfer to extra-laboratory situations and clinical use are discussed as well as implications for future research.
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Cuthbert et al. (1976) studied this question.
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