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In lithium-ion battery systems for electric vehicles (EVs), the high voltage battery is composed of several modules, and a balance between them is essential to improve battery life and safety. In this paper, a novel low-voltage DC/DC converter (LDC) with integrated inter-module battery equalization circuit (IBEC) is proposed. The proposed converter can be implemented by adding a small number of elements to the existing phase shift full bridge (PSFB) DC/DC Converter, which is widely used as an LDC, and can effectively balance the target module in both directions of charging and discharging. IBEC switches are capable of ZVS operation over the entire load range, while PSFB converter switches can achieve ZVS without additional inductors, especially in discharge mode. To verify the balancing and powering operations, a prototype of 1kW is implemented and experimented.
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Park et al. (2023) studied this question.
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