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Accelerated protons and ions are observed when an intense relativistic electron stream is propagated through a gas-filled region. Several proton momentum peaks are observed for each stream pulse with a spread of {≤}10%, consistent with our resolution. Proton energies are independent of the filling gas for H₂, N₂, and air. Total ion fluxes are 10¹³ to 10¹⁵ particles/stream pulse. Nitrogen-ion tracks were too short to determine the charge state and hence the energy, but estimated upper limits suggest +4 or +5, consistent with the energy-to-change ratio observed for protons.
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Rander et al. (1970) studied this question.
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