Perils and Pitfalls in the Host Specificity Paradigm

Perils and pitfalls in the host specificity paradigm N o one wants to introduce biological control agents that attack valuahlc nontarget species. Consequently, the US Department of Agriculrure (USDA) requires or engages in assessments of host specificity beforc non-native biocontrol agents are released iota ehe United Stares. The methodology and srringcncy of this host spccificiry testing vary among taxa-so me organisms feeeivc extensive experimental documenta ti on of speeificity (e.g., herbivorcs for wced contra!), whereas arher taxa (e.g., inseet predators) receive rarher cursory scrutiny (OTA 1993). Bur regard!ess of rhe details, regulators' approach to ehe introduction of biocontrol agcnts is guided by one key principle: Documentation of host specificity is the foundation of a stamp of approval for biocontrol agents under consideratton.