Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
One of the most serious and frustrating complications after successful primary repair of a tracheoesophageal fistula is a recurrent fistula, the incidence of which is reported as 5 - 15%. Secondary recurrences following fistula re-closure are also not uncommon. Traditional therapy for a recurrent tracheo-oesophageal fistula (RTF) involves a repeat thoracotomy, with its associated risks and significant morbidity. An endoscopic procedure provides an attractive alternative.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Niekerk et al. (2012) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: