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Review demonstrates superior biocompatibility and sealing for calcium silicate sealers in endodontic therapy, highlighting persistent challenges in retreatment.
Bioceramic sealers, particularly calcium silicate-based formulations, have transformed endodontic therapy through superior biocompatibility, sealing and regenerative potential. Their chemical and mechanical interaction with dentin enhances long-term treatment outcomes. Therefore, it is of interest to summarize recent developments in their composition, mechanisms of action, classification, clinical applications and retreatment challenges, noting limitations such as retrievability, handling and cost. Emerging innovations, including nanotechnology and enhanced material rheology, may enhance clinical performance, with long-term clinical studies needed to validate their role in regenerative endodontics.
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Donipudi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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