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Surface thermodynamic states of single evaporating microdroplets of aqueous suspension of nanospheres were studied by analyzing the surface pressure (surface activity) isotherm. Surface pressure evolution was found from the temporal evolution of the droplet radius. The droplet radius was inferred from the azimuthal angular distribution of the irradiance of s-polarized scattered light. Several thermodynamic states of the surface layer formed of nanospheres were identified: surface gas, surface gas−liquid coexistence, two states of surface liquid, and surface solid. The collapse of the surface monolayer was detected.
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Jakubczyk et al. (2009) studied this question.
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