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In the present work some issues have been analysed, concerning application of environmental isotopes to hydrogeology . Furthermore, a local meteoric water line for central Apennines been proposed, and an isotope altitude gradient, valid for Apennines, has been calculated by monthly rain samples. studied areas are located in central Apennines, and belong to Meso-cenozoic limestone ridge The main problems were related the effect of orography and climate on isotopic contents, and to hydrogeological complexity. In fact, in such zones the orography to meteoric precipitations having a peculiar isotope content. , the occurrence of snowpack (especially in the Mt. Sibillini , at south), persistent even until late spring, caused the aquifers be recharged mainly by snowmelt; this fact brought to actual in the isotopic contents of springs. For these reasons, the procedure and the location of rain and snow samplers took particular importance. , an application of isotopic data to some springs in Umbria Marche regions has been made and presented at the end of the , to assess the suitability of the calculated gradient to define the elevation of aquifers. The obtained results underlined the of isotopes techniques for hydrogeologic purposes, especially the relationships among aquifers, the karstification and structural setting were quite complex but defined. In other cases, an even more complex hydrogeological setting a good interpretation the isotopic data is very hard. Further investigations will be to define the effectiveness of isotope techniques in such conditions.
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Nanni et al. (2013) studied this question.