Pharmacogenetic features of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

Interest in the rational prescription of medicines, considering the genetic characteristics of patients, is increasing every year. In foreign medicine, pharmacogenetic testing is often used as the main tool for selecting individual therapy. The most significant interest has been shown in candidate genes involved in changing the pharmacological response to therapy in patients with cardiovascular diseases because of the high risk of mortality. In most cases, cardiovascular disorders are accompanied by high blood pressure, which can be reduced using ACE inhibitors. However, data on the effectiveness and safety of drug use vary depending on the gender, race, or ethnicity of patients, making it more difficult to develop a unified algorithm for the introduction of pharmacogenetic tests into clinical practice. The authors of this review attempted to systematize the data obtained from various studies and identify the presence of clinically significant correlations between changes in the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors and the presence of polymorphism of candidate genes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.