Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Knowledge, Science, and the Profession of Social Work2. Science and Social Work: A Historical Perspective3. Client Problems as Organizing Foci for Knowledge4. The Scientific Model in Practice: The 1960s and Beyond5. Engineering Social Work Intervention6. Computer-Assisted Social Work Practice: The Promise of Technology, by Stuart Kirk, William Reid, and Carrie Petrucci7. Research-Based Practice8. Research Dissemination and Utilization: Spreading the Word9.
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Kirk et al. (2002) studied this question.