This review summarizes the physiological adaptations and neural control mechanisms underlying the mammalian diving response across different species.
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Informs comparative mammalian diving physiology; leaves open human translational research on apnea responses.
The mammalian diving response is a remarkable behavior that overrides basic homeostatic reflexes. It is most studied in large aquatic mammals but is seen in all vertebrates. Pelagic mammals have developed several physiological adaptations to conserve intrinsic oxygen stores, but the apnea, bradycardia, and vasoconstriction is shared with those terrestrial and is neurally mediated. The adaptations of aquatic mammals are reviewed here as well as the neural control of cardiorespiratory physiology during diving in rodents.
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W. Michael Panneton (2013) studied this question.
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