Direct‐write optical waveguide device fabrication is probably the most widely studied application of femtosecond laser micromachining in transparent dielectrics at the present time. Devices such as buried waveguides, power splitters, couplers, gratings, optical amplifiers and laser oscillators have all been demonstrated. This paper reviews the application of the femtosecond laser direct‐write technique to the fabrication of active waveguide devices in bulk glass materials.
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Ams et al. (2008) studied this question.