Neurological complications remain a significant problem after pediatric cardiac surgery, driven by multiple etiologic factors including altered cerebral blood flow and metabolism.
Neurological complications warrant ongoing vigilance after pediatric cardiac surgery; leaves open optimal preventive strategies targeting cerebral hemodynamics.
Although mortality rate after cardiac surgery has been drastically reduced, neurological complications remain a significant problem. Several etiologic factors have been proposed, including previous unrecognized neurological abnormality, embolic events, hypoxic insult, low cardiac output, systemic inflammatory response, and altered cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolism. Cerebral ischemia can occur when cerebral oxygen is insufficient to meet the global or regional cerebral oxygen consumption. Cerebral circulation is normally regulated by several complex mechanisms, such as metabolic stimuli, chemical stimuli, perfusion pressure, and neural stimuli [1].
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Fenella J. Kirkham (2000) studied this question.
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