Intrathoracic extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma can present atypically as a lung abscess, highlighting the need for histopathological and immunohistochemical confirmation when preoperative tests are inconclusive.
Intrathoracic EES may mimic lung abscess with inconclusive preoperative tests; leaves open refined diagnostic strategies for rare intrathoracic masses.
Intrathoracic extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a relatively uncommon malignant tumour. Here, we present a scenario involving an adult man in his 20s with a large intrathoracic EES that manifested as a lung abscess. Preoperative diagnostic tests were inconclusive; hence, the patient underwent an exploratory thoracotomy for the excision of the mass. Histopathology revealed a small round blue cell tumour, and immunohistochemistry, along with fluorescence in situ hybridisation, confirmed the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was recommended, but the patient did not comply. A year later, he presented with a recurrence of the intrathoracic mass and subsequently received adjuvant chemotherapy. Currently, he is in remission.
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Lahiri et al. (2024) studied this question.
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