Why the study?
Heart failure causes high morbidity and mortality, and palliative care plays an important role in symptomatic control; this study was designed to characterize referred patients and identify those who benefit from regular intervention.
Heart failure patients referred to palliative care experience very high short-term mortality (53.7% at one month), indicating that referrals typically occur in very advanced stages of disease or frailty.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Characterizes HF patients referred for palliative care; leaves open which subgroups benefit most from early intervention.
Heart failure is a prevalent clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates. Palliative care has an important role in symptomatic control. This study was designed to characterize the population referred to a palliative care unit and to identify those who benefit from early and regular intervention. To characterize heart failure patients referred to a Palliative Care Team and identify those who would benefit from a regular intervention. We performed a retrospective analysis of all the heart failure patients referred to our palliative care team between January 2015 and December 2017. A total of 54 patients were included with a mean age of 80 years. The mean score on the Palliative Performance Scale was 57. The median duration of disease was 46 months, 61.1% of patients were in NYHA class III, 57.4% had ejection fraction >40%, and 51.9% had ischemic cardiomyopathy. Most patients (94.4%) were referred during hospitalization; 60.8% were discharged, half with home-based assistance. Mortality one month after referral was 53.7%, and 83.3% after six months. We found no variables predictive of mortality within a month of referral. This study contributes to the characterization of the heart failure population referred to palliative care. No clinical sign was predictive of one-month mortality, but the high mortality rate shows that patients are referred in advanced stages of the disease or frailty. A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome clínica prevalente e responsável por elevada morbimortalidade. Os cuidados paliativos têm um papel importante no controlo sintomático destes doentes. Caracterização dos doentes com IC referenciados a uma equipa de Cuidados Paliativos e identificação daqueles que beneficiam de uma intervenção mais precoce e regular. Realizada uma análise retrospetiva de todos os doentes referenciados à equipa de cuidados paliativos entre janeiro de 2015 e dezembro de 2017. Foram incluídos 54 doentes, com idade média de 80 anos. A palliative performance scale média era de 57. A IC tinha uma mediana de 46 meses de evolução, com uma classe funcional de NYHA de III em 61,1% dos doentes e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo >40% em 57,4%. A cardiopatia isquémica era a etiologia em 51,9% dos casos. A maioria dos doentes (94,4%) foi referenciada a partir do internamento. Desses, foi possível a alta hospitalar em 60,8% dos casos, tendo metade mantido acompanhamento domiciliário e os restantes, seguimento em consulta externa. A mortalidade a 30 dias foi de 53,7% e aos seis meses de 83,3%. Nenhuma variável mostrou relação estatisticamente significativa com a mortalidade no primeiro mês. Este trabalho contribuiu para a caracterização dos doentes com insuficiência cardíaca referenciados a uma equipa de cuidados paliativos. Não foram documentados sinais clínicos preditores de mortalidade no primeiro mês após referenciação à equipa. A elevada mortalidade no primeiro mês sugere que os doentes são referenciados em fases da doença avançadas ou de elevada fragilidade.
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Cruz et al. (2022) studied this question.
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