Incidence, risk factors, and the role of anticoagulation therapy in venous thromboembolism following radical cystectomy.

Background: Radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer is associated with substantial postoperative complications. Among these complications, venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is particularly notable for its morbidity. Efforts to reduce VTE have been largely revolving around extended thromboprophylaxis (ETP) after discharge, typically with injectable heparins, and, more recently, with oral anticoagulants. Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify the incidence of VTE within 90 days following RC and to identify risk factors associated with its development. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer at our institution between 2012 and 2024, documenting instances of postoperative VTE. Data on demographics, anticoagulation therapy, surgical approach, and hospitalization were collected and analyzed. Results: < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings underscored the importance of interventions such as ETP and ERAS protocols in reducing the incidence of VTE following RC for bladder cancer.