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Small, inhibitory RNA molecules called microRNAs cause large decreases in target protein levels through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Until recently, it was believed this mechanism operated almost exclusively at a step in translation. However, new work has revealed that microRNAs have a second, post-transcriptional mechanism that accelerates the rate of deadenylation, the initial step of mRNA decay.
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Roush et al. (2006) studied this question.
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