Key result
In a cardiopulmonary bypass model, abciximab inhibited platelet adhesion to PVC but increased platelet-neutrophil aggregation at high doses, not supporting its use alone in CPB.
Why the study?
Does abciximab influence platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil interaction in a cardiopulmonary bypass model?
Does abciximab influence platelet activation and platelet-neutrophil interaction in a cardiopulmonary bypass model?
The concentration-dependent and potentially pro-inflammatory effects of abciximab on platelet-neutrophil interactions do not support its systemic use alone in cardiopulmonary bypass.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Caution against abciximab alone in CPB; hypothesis-generating for human platelet-neutrophil effects and adjunctive strategies.
Abciximab is a GPIIb/IIIa antagonist used in percutaneous coronary interventions to avoid platelet activation, thrombosis and inflammation. We investigated whether abciximab influenced platelet activation and platelet interaction with neutrophils and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) model. Isolated platelets, preincubated with and without 0.1-20 microg/mL of abciximab, were resuspended with neutrophils in plasma and recirculated by a roller pump. Platelet, but not neutrophil adhesion to PVC was inhibited by abciximab. Only high doses of abciximab reduced platelet aggregation size, but simultaneously increased platelet-neutrophil aggregation. Abciximab had no effect on platelet CD62P expression or degranulation, but platelet activation on platelet-neutrophil aggregates increased with high doses. Only low doses inhibited neutrophil degranulation. The concentration-dependent effect of abciximab on platelet-neutrophil interaction reduces its usefulness and stresses the dependency on experimental design in the evaluation of abciximab. Our study does not support the use of abciximab alone in CPB. However, incorporation of surface-coating the biomaterial with abciximab may be an interesting option.
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Åsberg et al. (2006) studied Cardiopulmonary bypass. Abciximab vs. Without abciximab was evaluated on Platelet activation and platelet interaction with neutrophils and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In a cardiopulmonary bypass model, abciximab inhibited platelet adhesion to PVC but increased platelet-neutrophil aggregation at high doses, not supporting its use alone in CPB.
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