Key result
Hypertension and peripheral artery disease frequently coexist, and management with antihypertensive therapies, particularly ACE inhibitors and ARBs, is recommended to reduce cardiovascular events.
Why the study?
PAD is commonly underdiagnosed and hypertension plays a major role among mitigating risk factors, prompting a review to guide practitioners on ideal blood pressure parameters and evidence-based anti-hypertensives.
This review emphasizes the importance of targeted antihypertensive therapy, particularly with ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and CCBs, to mitigate cardiovascular and limb risks in patients with peripheral artery disease.
Supports BP control in PAD; leaves open optimal targets and preferred agents for RCTs.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD), a condition where there is reduced blood flow due to narrowing or blockage of the arteries of the peripheral vasculature, is an epidemic that currently affects eight million people in the United States alone and is a major risk equivalent to having active coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it is commonly underdiagnosed in the general population. Hypertension is a common cardiovascular condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels. There are several mitigating risk factors that can reduce the risk of complications of PAD, with hypertension playing a major role. This literature review aims to explore the relationship between hypertension and PAD, including their shared risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management strategies. In addition, we will analyze how this impacts major cardiovascular outcomes, such as critical limb ischemia, vascular amputation, myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular-related death by examining relevant studies, current guidelines, and evidence. This literature review is intended to guide practitioners on ideal blood pressure parameters and evidence-based anti-hypertensives that provide overall cardiovascular benefit in both the primary care and hospital-based setting. By understanding the association between hypertension and PAD and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, healthcare professionals can improve diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies for affected individuals.
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Abraham et al. (2024) conducted a review in Hypertension and Peripheral Artery Disease. Antihypertensive therapy was evaluated. Hypertension and peripheral artery disease frequently coexist, and management with antihypertensive therapies, particularly ACE inhibitors and ARBs, is recommended to reduce cardiovascular events.
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