Electron-paramagnetic-resonance and electron-nuclear-double-resonance (ENDOR) methods are used to identify the negatively charged state of the isolated vacancy in electron-irradiated synthetic diamond crystals. The Td symmetry is confirmed by determining the arrangement of both nearest neighbors and next-nearest neighbors. ENDOR measurements reveal that the effective spin is 3/2.
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Isoya et al. (1992) studied this question.
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