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The diffusion of titanium into zirconia was studied to determine the mechanism by which increased sintering occurred in the metal‐modified zirconias. Results revealed that the increased sintering occurred only when compositions above the solubility limit were fired considerably above the melting point of the titanium. Examination of the system Ti‐Zr‐0 revealed that considerable liquid was present at these firing temperatures. This liquid phase promoted the sintering of the zirconia. The increased sintering did not occur for compositions above the solubility limit fired below the temperature of liquid phase formation, or for compositions below the solubility limit fired considerably above or below the melting point of titanium.
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Ruh et al. (1964) studied this question.
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