Emerging Nanoparticles in the Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis

Throughout the last few decades, cardiovascular research has substantially advanced our awareness of the atherosclerotic process, the molecular processes underlying the disease remain essentially unexplained. Atherosclerosis results from the imbalanced lipid metabolism and lipoproteins accumulation that results in the thickening of the artery walls, linked to most cardiovascular events, and also one of the foremost common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Despite the extensive investigation into the process of development and advancement of atherosclerotic lesions over the years, there is little information is available. The use and handling of nanotechnology on a molecular scale is a new approach to quantify the functional organization in nanometers. In medicine, it is capable to improve diagnostics, delivery of pharmaceuticals, treatment, and many areas of research, development, and clinical application. Medical nanotechnology or nanomedicine has demonstrated a growing trend in the reduction of costs and improve the efficiency of current medicines, diagnostic reagents, implants, etc. Nanomedicine overcomes certain problems of conventional drugs like drug toxicity and the required dose of the drug. Promising research has resulted in pre-clinical validation of nanoscale devices targeting cell and molecular components of atherosclerotic plaque in the past decade. This review paper will cover basic insights into the use of nanomedicine in atherosclerosis