Risk Factors for Tuberculosis in the Kaniama Health Zone, Democratic Republic of Congo

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with human-to-human transmission which constitutes a major public health problem, both in developed and developing countries, due to its magnitude and its strong association with mortality.The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for susceptible tuberculosis in the Kaniama health zone in order to better target measures to combat this pathology. METHODS: This is a case-control study carried out at CDT KASESE and MWADI-KAYEMBE during a period from January 2 to April 2, 2024.In the univariate analyzes we exhaustively took all 42 cases of susceptible tuberculosis recorded during our study period. In bivariate analyses, each case of susceptible tuberculosis was matched to 2 controls. RESULTS:After analyzing the data, we obtained the following results:The risk factors for TPM+ in our study environment are male gender (ORa=2.576, 95% CI: [1.008-6.585]), lack of education (ORa=6.478, 95% CI [2.838-14.791]]), household size>5 people(aOR=82.042, 95% CI [31.167-215.962]), as well as active smoking (aOR=5.023, 95% CI [1.966-12.835]). CONCLUSION:This study therefore showed that in addition to non-modifiable risk factors, certain important factors remain accessible. Well-targeted and coordinated education and awareness actions on subsidized factors must be undertaken.