Key result
The proposed variational total-variation prior method outperformed existing quadratic methods in preserving the steep gradient of action potentials and revealing the location and shape of infarcts.
A novel variational total-variation prior method improves the noninvasive 3-D reconstruction of cardiac action potentials, better identifying infarct locations compared to traditional quadratic methods.
Hypothesis-generating for infarct mapping in animals; clinical validation required before any practice change.
While tomographic imaging of cardiac structure and kinetics has improved substantially, electrophysiological mapping of the heart is still restricted to the surface with little or no depth information beneath. The progress in reconstructing 3-D action potential from surface voltage data has been hindered by the intrinsic ill-posedness of the problem and the lack of a unique solution in the absence of prior assumptions. In this work, we propose a novel adaption of the total-variation (TV) prior to exploit the unique spatial property of transmural action potential of being piecewise smooth with a steep boundary (gradient) separating depolarized and repolarized regions. We present a variational TV-prior instead of a common discrete TV-prior for improved robustness to mesh resolution, and solve the TV-minimization by a sequence of weighted, first-order L2-norm minimization. In a large set of phantom experiments, the proposed method is shown to outperform existing quadratic methods in preserving the steep gradient of action potential along the border of infarcts, as well as in capturing the disruption to the normal path of electrical wavefronts. Real-data experiments also further demonstrate the potential of the proposed method in revealing the location and shape of infarcts when quadratic methods fail to do so.
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Xu et al. (2014) studied Myocardial infarction (infarcts). Variational total-variation (TV) prior method vs. Existing quadratic methods was evaluated on Preservation of the steep gradient of action potential along the border of infarcts and capturing disruption to electrical wavefronts. The proposed variational total-variation prior method outperformed existing quadratic methods in preserving the steep gradient of action potentials and revealing the location and shape of infarcts.
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