Fontan Conversion in an Adult With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Figures

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  Figure 1. Preoperative Pulmonary Function Tests Test results show an obstructive pattern, and although the total lung capacity (TLC) is preserved to some extent, there is increase residual volume (RV) compared with normal. ERV = expiratory reserve volume; Meas = measured; Ref = reference.

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  Figure 2. Hemodynamic Data From Preoperative Cardiac Catheterization Findings show slightly elevated systemic ventricular end-diastolic pressure, satisfactory pulmonary artery pressure, and no systemic outflow tract obstruction.

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  Figure 3. Preoperative Cardiac Catheterization Findings show a small, calcified, extracardiac Fontan conduit with a minimal diameter of 10.5 mm. A dilated inferior vena cava is seen.

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  Figure 4. Intraoperative Findings Intraoperative photographs showing (A) the calcified small intra-atrial conduit through the opened common atrium, (B) excision of the conduit from its atrial connection, (C) connection of the new extracardiac Fontan conduit to the inferior vena cava, and (D) the final completed extracardiac Fontan connection.