Study Of Metaplastic Lesions Of Different Parts Of The Female Genital Tract: A Prospective Study

Objective: To study the pattern and relative incidence of metaplastic lesions of different parts of the female genital tract and the relationship of different metaplastic lesions with age. Method: A total of 200 female genital tract samples in the form of hysterectomy specimens, endometrial curettings, pap smears and cervical biopsies were subjected to gross and microscopic examination and the metaplastic changes observed were recorded. Among all the samples, 57.5% were hysterectomy specimens, 20% were pap smears, 15% were endometrial curettings and 2.5% were cervix biopsies. Maximum number of patient (73%) was in the age group of 30-49. Results: Among 200 patients enrolled in the study, 120 (60%) were found to be positive for different types of metaplasias. Among the cervical metaplasias, 60.2% were showing squamous metaplasia of the cervix, followed by Ciliated and Microglandular metaplasia with a frequency of 25.5% and 20.4% respectively with the highest frequency in the age group of 40-59 years. Among the endometrial metaplasias Ciliated, Mucinous and Eosinophilic metaplasias were found to be the commonest with a frequency of 28.5%, 25.5% and 25.5% respectively. In the study, it was also observed that the metaplastic lesions of the endometrium and that of the cervix co-existed with each other in 74% of the cases Conclusions: From these observations, squamous metaplasia of the cervix was the commonest metaplastic lesion observed on histological examinations, followed by ciliated and microglandular metaplasia, where as in the endometrium ciliated (tubal) metaplasia was the commonest followed by eosinophilic and mucinous metaplasia.. A large number of metaplastic lesions of the cervix co-existed with each other and also with that of the endometrium.