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This paper describe a new ultra-high speed protection algorithm for traveling-wave distance protection for transmission lines, based on pattern recognition of the first wavefront that arrives at the relay location due to fault. The algorithm uses principal component analysis (PCA) to preprocess data from the power system in order to eliminate redundant information and enhance hidden patterns in the traveling waves for internal and external faults. The algorithm was proven using PSCAD/EMTDC simulations in a three-phase 400-kV power system considering critical fault cases. The results show the feasibility to implement this algorithm for transmission-line ultra-high speed protection
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Martínez et al. (2007) studied this question.
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