Key result
Antihypertensive pharmacotherapy emerged in 1946 to replace surgical sympathectomy for severe hypertension.
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It was by chance that I became involved in 1946 in the clinical evaluation of antihypertensive agents. After World War II, I had returned to Boston to complete my residency training in internal medicine and to work in hemodynamics research with Robert Wilkins at the Massachusetts Memorial Hospital. Surgical sympathectomy was then the popular method for treating hypertension and Dr. Wilkins was involved with Reginald Smithwick in assessing the cardiovascular and circulatory changes associated with this operative procedure. However, Dr. Wilkins and Chester Keefer had been asked by James Shannon, who was then director of the Squibb Institute for Medical Research, to work with the Institute in exploring the possibility of developing a successful chemotherapy for hypertension. The clinical evaluation of any drugs that might emerge in this project was assigned to me working under the direction of Dr. Wilkins. The first drug tested was an outgrowth of the World
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Edward D. Freis (1971) conducted a review in Hypertension. Antihypertensive agents was evaluated. Antihypertensive agents were historically evaluated for the chemotherapy of hypertension beginning in 1946 in Boston, replacing surgical sympathectomy.
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