Utilizing magnetization and spin in thermoelectric applications

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

The combined use of heat, charge, and spin transport gives rise to new or deeply altered thermoelectric properties from those found in conventional, nonmagnetic thermoelectric transport; these phenomena include the magneto-Seebeck, Nernst, magnon drag, and spin Seebeck effects. Here, we explore both electron-driven and magnon-driven magneto-thermoelectric effects stemming from different origins depending on if the effect is longitudinal, where the electric field and thermal gradient are collinear, or transverse, where the electric field and thermal gradient are orthogonal. We consider both a Lorentz force acting on charge carriers in nonmagnetic conductors and the spin–orbit interaction acting on spin-polarized electrons in magnetic materials. Both intrinsic and extrinsic sources of skew forces on electrons or anomalous velocities offer promising avenues for generating new functionalities and applications in the burgeoning field of magneto-thermoelectrics and transverse thermoelectrics. Adding magnetism as a design degree of freedom offers more candidate classes of materials, such as topological, metallic, and amorphous materials, for consideration in the field of thermoelectrics.