A new dithiol-functionalized viologen has been synthesized (see Figure) and used for the preparation of films of chemically linked gold nanoparticles. It is demonstrated that the redox linker group can be reversibly electrochemically addressed and that its presence does not hinder electron transfer through the nanostructured material. The films are air stable after thousands of electrochemical cycles and months of storage.
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Gittins et al. (1999) studied this question.