A Study of the Profile of Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Despite the advancement in medicine, management of heart failure (HF), which usually presents as a disease syndrome, has been a challenge to healthcare providers. The study was commenced with objective to study the profile of patients presented with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional hospital based study. Both male and female patients presented with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) treated in department of General Medicine, GITAM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 100 consecutive patients were studied during February to October 2019. After obtaining approval from Institutional Ethics Committee and informed consent taken from all study participants data was collected. Data entered in MS excel sheet and analyzed by using SPSS software. Results: Among total 100 heart failure patients males were 69, females were 31. The mean age of study population was 56.6113.01 years. All patients presented with shortness of breath of varying degree of New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. The common risk factors observed were hypertension (53%), diabetes (36%), alcohol (14%), smoking (40%). The common causes for heart failure found were Ischemic heart disease (64%), followed by non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (21%) and rheumatic heart disease (15%). Majority of the study participants were receiving treatment with diuretics (66%), statins (65%), followed by beta blockers (25%), aldosterone antagonist (25%), ACE inhibitors (30%). Conclusions: Early detection and optimal treatment of common risk factors might play role in preventing Heart failure and thereby reducing disease burden in the country.