Design of deicing reagents based on alkali and alkaline-earth metals and ammonium formates, acetates, and nitrates

Phase equilibria in binary, ternary, and quaternary water-salt systems containing sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and ammonium nitrates, formates, and acetates have been studied in the temperature range of 0 to −70°C, and polytherms of the fusion of ice have been plotted. A series of binary and ternary salt compositions that form low-temperature eutectics with ice, which are promising as deicing reagents, has been determined. The corrosion activity of the most promising compositions relative to metals and alloys, as well as cement concrete pavements, has been determined. Corrosion inhibitors have been chosen.