Why the study?
Phase separation of viral biopolymers is key in forming cytoplasmic viral inclusions, but the mechanisms, factors affecting it, and potential antiviral strategies targeting these condensates warranted synthesis.
Understanding phase separation in viral replication may uncover novel antiviral strategies targeting these states.
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Phase separation organizes viral replication; leaves open targeted condensate disruption as antiviral strategy.
Phase separation of viral biopolymers is a key factor in the formation of cytoplasmic viral inclusions, known as sites of virus replication and assembly. This review describes the mechanisms and factors that affect phase separation in viral replication and identifies potential areas for future research. Drawing inspiration from studies on cellular RNA-rich condensates, we compare the hierarchical coassembly of ribosomal RNAs and proteins in the nucleolus to the coordinated coassembly of viral RNAs and proteins taking place within viral factories in viruses containing segmented RNA genomes. We highlight the common characteristics of biomolecular condensates in viral replication and how this new understanding is reshaping our views of virus assembly mechanisms. Such studies have the potential to uncover unexplored antiviral strategies targeting these phase-separated states.
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Borodavka et al. (2023) studied this question.
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