Measurement of kidney perfusion in critically ill Patients

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication of critical illness [ 1 ] occurring in 30 to 40% of all critically ill patients and in its severe form requires renal replacement therapy (RRT), in approximately 5% of patients [ 2 ]. AKI has been shown to be an independent predictor for mortality [ 3 ] and is associated with invasive therapy and substantial costs [ 4 ].