Key result
High EZSCAN risk score linked to ~2.4-fold higher odds of prevalent metabolic syndrome.
Why the study?
Clinical diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is time-consuming and invasive, creating a need for convenient, noninvasive screening instruments to evaluate autonomic function and identify high-risk individuals without laboratory or physical investigation.
Does the EZSCAN test accurately screen for metabolic syndrome in adults aged 40 years or older?
Cross-Sectional (n=5,815)
No
Does the EZSCAN test accurately screen for metabolic syndrome in adults aged 40 years or older?
The EZSCAN test provides a simple, noninvasive screening method for early prediction of metabolic syndrome, though it has modest diagnostic accuracy compared to standard clinical definitions.
High EZSCAN scores associate with metabolic syndrome; leaves open screening utility pending prospective validation.
Background Clinical diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is time-consuming and invasive. Convenient instruments that do not require laboratory or physical investigation would be useful in early screening individuals at high risk of metabolic syndrome. Examination of the autonomic function can be taken as a directly reference and screening indicator for predicting metabolic syndrome. Methodology and Principal Findings The EZSCAN test, as an efficient and noninvasive technology, can access autonomic function through measuring electrochemical skin conductance. In this study, we used EZSCAN value to evaluate autonomic function and to detect metabolic syndrome in 5,887 participants aged 40 years or older. The EZSCAN test diagnostic accuracy was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves. Among the 5,815 participants in the final analysis, 2,541 were diagnosed as metabolic syndrome and the overall prevalence was 43.7%. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome increased with the elevated EZSCAN risk level (p for trend <0.0001). Moreover, EZSCAN value was associated with an increase in the number of metabolic syndrome components (p for trend <0.0001). Compared with the no risk group (EZSCAN value 0–24), participants at the high risk group (EZSCAN value: 50–100) had a 2.35 fold increased risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome after the multiple adjustments. The area under the curve of the EZSCAN test was 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.64) for predicting metabolic syndrome. The optimal operating point for the EZSCAN value to detect a high risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome was 30 in this study, while the sensitivity and specificity were 71.2% and 46.7%, respectively. Conclusions and Significance In conclusion, although less sensitive and accurate when compared with the clinical definition of metabolic syndrome, we found that the EZSCAN test is a good and simple screening technique for early predicting metabolic syndrome.
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Sun et al. (2012) conducted a cross-sectional in Metabolic syndrome (n=5,815). High EZSCAN risk level (EZSCAN value 50-100) vs. No risk group (EZSCAN value 0-24) was evaluated on Prevalent metabolic syndrome (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.83-3.01, p=<0.0001). High EZSCAN risk scores (50-100) were associated with a 2.35-fold increased odds of prevalent metabolic syndrome (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.83-3.01) compared to no-risk scores (0-24).
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