Terahertz (THz) radiation couples to a two-dimensional electron plasma in high-electron-mobility heterostructures which allows one to study fundamental properties of this electron system and construct plasma-based devices. This article reviews some of the recent results of theoretical and experimental studies on plasmon–THz photon interaction. In particular, plasma dispersion relations, mechanisms of THz-field rectification and ultrastrong light–matter coupling are discussed in conventional structures based on GaAs and CdTe and new materials—graphene and black phosphorus.
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J. Łusakowski (2016) studied this question.