The standard treatment for ureteral calculi in children has been open surgical removal. Recently, we removed successfully a lower ureteral calculus in a young child with ureteroscopy and the pulsed dye laser. The improvements in smaller rigid and flexible ureteroscopes, in conjunction with lasertripsy, will expand its applications in the treatment of pediatric urolithiasis.
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Ritchey et al. (1988) studied this question.
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