Primary cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy and congenital infection: a population-based, mother–child, prospective cohort study

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Results of maternal CMV antibody screening, diagnosis of congenital CMV infection, and infant neurological tests at approximately 18 months after birth. Primary infection was observed in 115 women with low IgG avidity and 47 with seroconversion from the initial negative IgG and negative IgM results. Congenital infection after primary infection was found in eight and 15 women with low IgG avidity and seroconversion, respectively. Live birth congenital infection after primary infection was found in seven and 15 women with low IgG avidity and seroconversion, respectively. Neurological tests were performed in seven low IgG avidity and nine seroconversion infants. Abnormal findings in neurological tests were found in one and two infants with low IgG avidity and seroconversion, respectively. aIncluding borderline. bPeriventricular cysts in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and unilateral threshold elevation in auditory brainstem response (ABR). cUnilateral threshold elevation in ABR. dImpaired white matter intensity in brain MRI in both cases.

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  Fig. 2. Results of infant neurological tests at approximately 18 months of age in live birth congenital CMV infection cases whose mothers had primary CMV infection (n = 22). aLow IgG avidity (n = 7) and seroconversion (n = 15). bOne case from low avidity mother showed low birth weight, microcephaly, and “refer” in newborn hearing screening and the other case from seroconversion mother showed low birth weight, small for gestational age, and microcephaly. cThe former case showed periventricular cysts in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and unilateral threshold elevation in auditory brainstem response (ABR). dDevelopmental delay and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). eSix patients from low avidity mothers and eight from seroconversion mothers underwent brain MRI, ABR, and funduscopy. Another three from seroconversion mothers only underwent ABR. The remaining three did not undergo tests. fImpaired white matter intensity in brain MRI in both cases.