Randomized trial investigates the internal adjudicator's duty impacting blame attribution, suggesting new oversight strategies.
Across the programme’s models of oversight the blame a monitor bears for a surfaced failure rises with his own observability — a reach-contingent differential that makes inattention strategic and, at high stakes, produces a low-observability trap. The differential is the equilibrium of an adjudicator’s inference, and it carries an impossibility: the non-reduction principle the professional standards assert — responsibility undiminished by what lay beyond reach — cannot be implemented by any adjudicator who must infer culpability, since a failure beyond reach carries a posterior of essentially zero. This paper shows that the principle is nonetheless implementable from inside. A monitor who internalizes the excused blame at weight θ evaluates outcomes under a mixed attribution protocol, narrowing the differential to (1-θ)Δ; his conscience is an internal adjudicator, feasible where the external one is not. Rising duty dismantles the trap in three closed-form stages — the floor rises, the engaged branch becomes indestructible, the trap goes extinct — and under one per cent of internalized blame removes it at the operating stake, both preventing the trap and curing one already entered. Duty and shame move the trap in opposite directions; duty and a liability safe harbour are one instrument’s two ends.
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Mikio Hanaeda (2026) studied this question.
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