Association of Circulating Omentin-1 with Osteoporosis in a Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Population

Aims. Omentin-1, a newly identified adipokine, has been demonstrated to be associated with bone metabolism, but the results have been inconsistent. Moreover, the potential relationship of circulating omentin-1 with diabetic osteoporosis has never been reported. This study is intended for studying the association between circulating omentin-1, bone mineral density (BMD), prior fragility fractures, and other bone metabolic-related parameters. Methods. Circulating omentin-1 levels were measured in 172 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and participants were divided into the normal BMD group ( <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">n</a:mi> <a:mo>=</a:mo> <a:mn mathvariant="bold">52</a:mn> </a:math> ), the osteopenia group ( <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <e:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">n</e:mi> <e:mo>=</e:mo> <e:mn mathvariant="bold">66</e:mn> </e:math> ), and the osteoporosis group ( <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <i:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">n</i:mi> <i:mo>=</i:mo> <i:mn mathvariant="bold">54</i:mn> </i:math> ). The relationship between circulating omentin-1 and diabetic osteoporosis and other parameters was analyzed. Results. Circulating omentin-1 was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group than in the normal group and in the osteopenia group (both <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"> <m:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">P</m:mi> <m:mo><</m:mo> <m:mn mathvariant="bold">0.05</m:mn> </m:math> ). Circulating omentin-1 levels were correlated significantly and positively with sex; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; apolipoprotein A; and prevalence of prior fragility fractures, diabetic nephropathy, and retinopathy; they were correlated negatively with diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, hemoglobin, atherogenic index of plasma, osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians, BMD at different skeletal sites, and corresponding <q:math xmlns:q="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"> <q:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">T</q:mi> </q:math> scores, irrespective of age, sex, and body mass index ( <t:math xmlns:t="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"> <t:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">P</t:mi> <t:mo><</t:mo> <t:mn mathvariant="bold">0.01</t:mn> </t:math> or <x:math xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"> <x:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">P</x:mi> <x:mo><</x:mo> <x:mn mathvariant="bold">0.05</x:mn> </x:math> ). Moreover, circulating omentin-1 was an independent decisive factor for the presence of osteoporosis only in women after multivariate adjustment (odds ratio: 1.069; 95% confidence interval: 1.003-1.139; <bb:math xmlns:bb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"> <bb:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">P</bb:mi> <bb:mo><</bb:mo> <bb:mn mathvariant="bold">0.05</bb:mn> </bb:math> ). Lastly, the analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the best cutoff value for circulating omentin-1 to predict diabetic osteoporosis was 15.37 ng/mL (sensitivity: 71.7%; specificity: 58.5%) in female subjects. Conclusions. High levels of circulating omentin-1 may be associated with the development of osteoporosis in female diabetic subjects and may be a potential biomarker for diabetic osteoporosis in women.