Free form surface analysis using a hybrid of symbolic and numeric computation

Endoscopic resection of tracheal subglottic stenosis can be performed safely and effectively. With careful selection, some stenotic rings can be excised without the requirement for prior tracheostomy. Endoscopic resection does not supplant other methods of dilatation, injection, or stenting of subglottic scars, but early resection in appropriate cases may reduce the number of dilatations and obviate the need for a stent and systemic steroids.