Key result
Chemotherapy agents induce specific types of cardiotoxicity, such as ventricular impairment from anthracyclines and coronary damage from pyrimidines, which require early diagnosis and management.
Why the study?
Treated cancer patients often develop cardiac diseases late in life due to chemotherapy-induced heart damage, necessitating early diagnosis and management.
This review outlines the pathophysiology of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and emphasizes early diagnosis and the potential use of standard heart failure therapies for cardioprotection.
Suggests agent-specific cardiotoxicity surveillance; leaves open prospective validation before practice change.
Cardiovascular diseases and neoplastic diseases are the two main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Treated cancer patients usually develop cardiac diseases late in life due to chemotherapy- induced heart damage. The type of damage caused to the heart depends on the type of agent used during cancer treatment. It is expectable to observe ventricular impairment in patients treated with anthracyclines, while pyrimidines and some signalling inhibitors may damage the coronary circulation. Several techniques can be used to help diagnose early cardiac affections, such as biomarkers and auxiliary diagnostic tests. The information obtained can help physicians adjust chemotherapy doses, thus avoiding unnecessary heart damage. Although there is not yet a broad offer of cardioprotective drugs specific to these cases, some pharmacological agents used in common cardiology can also be applied here, such as beta-blockers and angiotensinogen- converting enzyme inhibitors.
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Marmelo et al. (2019) conducted a review in Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Chemotherapy was evaluated. Chemotherapy agents induce specific types of cardiotoxicity, such as ventricular impairment from anthracyclines and coronary damage from pyrimidines, which require early diagnosis and management.
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