Key result
Heart failure is a growing epidemic affecting over 23 million people worldwide, with management strategies ranging from lifestyle modifications to pharmacological therapies and surgical interventions depending on disease stage.
This mini-review provides a brief overview of the prevalence, symptoms, etiology, classification, and standard treatments for heart failure.
Does not change practice; leaves open need for higher-level evidence on stage-specific strategies.
Heart failure (HF) is a growing epidemic that affects about six million people in the United States and more than 23 million worldwide [1,2].The prevalence of HF is greatest among people aged 65 years or older and has been increasing with the growth of this demographic population [3-6]. Around 50% and 90% of patients with HF die within 5 and 10 years of diagnosis, respectively [1]. Total medical costs attributable to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HF in the developed countries are approximately 1% - 2% of the total health care expenditure [7-9]. In the United States, total costs for HF care are more than $39 billion annually [2].
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Fatemeh Fatemifar (2018) conducted a review in Heart Failure. Heart failure is a growing epidemic affecting over 23 million people worldwide, with management strategies ranging from lifestyle modifications to pharmacological therapies and surgical interventions depending on disease stage.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: