Laboratory study demonstrates that casticin suppresses growth and triggers apoptosis in oral cancer cells, suggesting therapeutic potential for plant-derived compounds.
Casticin, a polymethoxyflavone, present in natural plants, has been shown to have biological activities including anti‐cancer activities. Herein, we investigated the anti‐oral cancer activity of casticin on SCC‐4 cells in vitro. Viable cells, cell cycle distribution, apoptotic cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and Ca 2+ production, levels of ΔΨ m and caspase activity were measured by flow cytometric assay. Cell apoptosis associated protein expressions were examined by Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy. Results indicated that casticin induced cell morphological changes, DNA condensation and damage, decreased the total viable cells, induced G 2 /M phase arrest in SCC‐4 cells. Casticin promoted ROS and Ca 2+ productions, decreases the levels of ΔΨ m , promoted caspase‐3, ‐8, and ‐9 activities in SCC‐4 cells. Western blotting assay demonstrated that casticin affect protein level associated with G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Confocal laser microscopy also confirmed that casticin increased the translocation of AIF and cytochrome c in SCC‐4 cells. In conclusion, casticin decreased cell number through G 2 /M phase arrest and the induction of cell apoptosis through caspase‐ and mitochondria‐dependent pathways in SCC‐4 cells.
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Chou et al. (2017) studied this question.
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