Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Systems based on a proper public-key infrastructure (PKI) architecture offer the missing trust and interoperability necessary for e-commerce expansion. As the number of services available to users continues to increase, so will the need to maintain the user's identity in a secured, trusted manner. The user name and password concept has worked thus far but lacks the portability and scalability that global e-commerce demands. An interoperable PKI system that offers trust services between users will become a common industry practice. We envision that the future global e-commerce system should work with various devices, from desktops to handheld computers. Eventually one certificate will represent an individual across multiple services and devices.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Hsiung et al. (2001) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: