Recent developments in innovative dryers and devices for pretreatment or for changing the characteristics of raw materials create new possibilities for drying R&D and applications. Additionally, existing dewatering equipment can be easily combined to improve overall performance and energy utilization and for better compliance with environmental issues. This work describes these new technologies and combinations with conventional processes to attain higher dryer thermal efficiency, coefficient of performance, and moisture extraction ratio. Therefore, the new technologies provide higher energy savings than conventional dryers and flexible control of the conditions for optimum moisture removal. The process stability and product quality depend on proper drying conditions, which are controlled considering the material composition and interactions with water during the process. This work describes the conventional and new technologies and possible applications as single and combined stages based upon analysis of the effects of processing conditions on dried product properties.
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Alves-Filho et al. (2006) studied this question.
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