Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder of unknown cause, characterized clinically by dysphagia and regurgitation and diagnosed by manometry and/or barium esophagogram. Good long-term symptomatic relief can be achieved with pneumatic dilatation and myotomy. Botulinum toxin injection and videoendoscopic surgery are being evaluated as less invasive forms of therapy.
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Birgisson et al. (2008) studied this question.